ACCIDENT PREVENTION AND RISK MANAGEMENT
LESSON 2
GAS CYLINDERS
INTRODUCTION
PRESSURE
HIGH PRESSURE USAGES
PRODUCTION/MAINTENANCE OF A LIQUID
STORAGE OF GASES
COMPRESSION OF SOLIDS
SEPERATION OF LIQUIDS FROM SOLIDS
INCREASING GAS SOLUBILITY IN LIQUIDS
INCREASE OF CHEMICALS REACTION RATES
SHIFTING CHEMICALS EQUIPTMENTS
AUTOCLAVES
GAS CYLINDERS
OXYGEN CYLINDERS
ACETYLENE CYLINDERS
HYDROGEN CYLINDERS
HIGH PRESSURE MATERIALS SELECTION:
a) WORKING
PRESSURE
b) WORKING
TEMPERATURE
c) SIZE
OF VESSEL
d) CORROSION
ASPECT OF THE PROCESS
e) STRESS
CONDITIONS TO BE CONSIDERED
f) LOCAL
ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS
g) THE
STRENGHT OF MATERIALS
a) YIELD
STRENGHT
b) PLASTIC
DEFORMATION ANMD DUCTILITY
c) FRACTURE
STRENGTH OR TOUGHNESSS
d) HIGH
TEMEPRATURE STRENGTH
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES:
a) PRESSURE
GAUGES LIKE BOURDON TYPE SHOULD BE INSTALLED ABOVE EYE LEVEL TYPE SHOULD NEVER
BE ALLOWED TO COORRODE TWO RAPID RISE OF PRESSURE OF FALLL OF PRESSURE MUST BE
AVOIDED.
b) FLAMMABLE
GASES AT HIGH PRESURE ON RUBBING AGAINST WALL OF METALLIC PIPES WILL CAUSE
STATIC ELECTRICITY DISCHARGE GOOD EARTHING IS ESSENTIAL ON THESE PIPE LINES
c) DIRECT
FIRED VESSELS SHOULD NOT BE EMPTIED SUDDENLT THEY ARE ALOWLY COOLED BY THE
FLUID RUNNING IN SLOW VELOCITIES
d) BURSTING
OF RUPTURE DISC HAPPENS WHEN VESELS CAUSE SUDDEN HIGH TEMPERATURES WHICH MAY
IGNITE FLAMMABLE GASES SUFFICIENT VENTING HEIGHT IS NECESSARY FOR SAFE PASSAGE
OF ESCAPED GASES
e) TWO
SAFETY VALUES ONE OPEARTING AT SLIGHTLY LOWER PRESSURE IS ADVANTAGEOUS IN VERY
HIGH PRESSURE EQUIPTMENT
f) RUPTURE
DISCS HOWEVER GOOD SHOULD BE FREQUENTLY CHECKED AND CHANGED THEY GET HARDENED
AND MAY FAIL TO RUPTURE WHEN PRESSURE EXCEEDS NORMAL OPERATING PRESSURE
CORROSION OF INNER SIDE MUST BE FREQUENTLY CHECKED
g) A
RUPTURE DISC IS NORMALLY FITTED TO RELEIVE AT ABOUT 1.5 TIMES THE WORKING
PRESSURE IT MAY BE EVEN 1.3 DEPENDING UPON THE CONDITION OF OPERATIONS.
h) CARBON
MONOXIDE ATTACK SEVERLY NICKEL SIMILARLY MERCURY ATTACK COPPER AND BRASSES IT
MAY ATTACK STEEL AT HIGH PRESSURE HENCE THESE SITUATION MUST BE AVOIDED.
i)
ANY LEAK DEVELOPED MAY CAUSE FIRE OR EXPLOSION
HENCE THEY MUST BE REPAIRED QUICKLY BY SLOW RELEASE OF PRESSURE FIRST AND THEN
REPAIRS CARRIED OUT.
HIGH PRESSURE EQUIPTMENT MUST BE
CONFINED IN SPECIAL ROOMS HAVING THICK WALLS OR BARRICADES THE HIGH PRESSURE
GASES MUST BE QUICKLY VENTILATED TO THE TOP MOST POINT OF BUILDING
- WELDED EQUIPTMENT OPERATED AT LOW TEMPERATURES AT LOW TEMPERATURES BELOW ZERO TEMPEARTURES SHOULD BE HEAT TREATED TO RELEIVE LOCKED UP STRESSES EXPERT WELDESR SHOULD BE ENGAGED TO FREQUENT RADIOLOGY TESTS OF THESE EQUIPTMENT MUST BE CARRIED OUT FOR ANY POSSIBLE CRACKS DEVELOPED DURING OPERATION
- OILS SHOULD NEVER BE USED AS LUBRICANT WHEN OXYGEN IS COMPRESSED AIR LINES SHOULD NOT BE USED FOR CARRYING OXYGEN
- PRESSURE JOINTS SHOULD NOT BE TIGHTENED UNDER PRESSURE
- REGULAR INSPECTION HYDRAULIC TESTING AT 1.5 TIMES THE QORKING PRESSURE SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT BY EXPERIENCED STAFF PERSONALLY
- TOO RAPID RISE IN EITHER PRESSURE OR TEMPEARTURE SHOULD BE AVOIDED LARGE TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS IN THE WALLS OF THE VESSELS LEAD TO HIGH STRESSES
- SAFETY VALVES AND RUPTURE DISCS SHOULD BE PIPED TO DICHARGE AT A PLACE WHERE IT CAN CAUSE NO HARM THE DISCHARGE LINE MUST HAVE SUFFICIENT DIAMETER TO CARRY THE EXCESS LOAD RELEASE.
- IT IS OFTEN ADVISABLE TO HAVE MORE THAN ONE PERSON WORKING IN THE HIGH PRESSURE ZONE TOO MANY PERSONS ALSO MUST BE AVOIDED
- GAS STORAGE SYSTEMS MUST NEVER BE ALLOWED TO MIX ANALYSIS SHOULD BE CHECKED FREQUENTLY
- SAND DIKES SANDY FLOOR MUST BE HAD SURROUNDING THE FLAMMABLE LIQUID STORAGE TANKS
- ALL HIGH PRESSURE AREAS SHOULDBE CLEARLY MARKED ANMD GUARDED AGAINST UNAUTHORIZED ENTRY.
LESSON 3 EXPLOSIVES
INTRODUCTION
a) CHEMICAL
ENERGY SUCH AS NITROGLYCERINE OR GRAIN DUST
b) PRESSURIZED
COMPRESSED GAS SUCH AS GAS CYLINDERS OR AEROSOL
c) NUCLEAR
SUCH AS FISSILE ISOTOPES OF URANIUM 235 AND PLUTONIUM 239
d) EXPLOSIVE
CHEMICALS
e) PRIMARY
EXPLOSIVES
f) HIGH
EXPLOSIVES
g) TERTIARY
EXPLOSIVES
h) LOW
EXPLOSIVES
i)
EXPLOSIVE CHARACTER
j)
CHEMICAL REACTION
k) DECOMPOSITION
l)
DEFLAGRATION
m) DETONATION
n) EXOTIC
o) PROPERTIES
OF EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS
p) AVAILABILITY
AND COST
q) SENTIVITY
r) IMPACT
s) FRICTION
t) HEAT
u) VELOCITY
OF DETONATION
v) VOLATILITY
w) STABILITY
x) ELECTROMAGNETIC
RADIATION
y) MINE
EXPLOSION
COURSES:
Ø Diploma
in occupational Health And Safety
Ø Diploma
in industrial safety
Ø Diploma
in electrical safety
Ø Diploma
in fire fighting
Ø Diploma
in construction safety
Ø Certificate
in fire and safety engineering
Ø Diploma
in fire and safety engineering
Ø PG
diploma in fire and safety engineering
Ø Certificate
in oil and Gas safety
Ø Diploma
in oil and Gas safety
Ø Diploma
in health ,safety and Environment
Ø PG
diploma in Health ,safety Environment
JOB PLACEMENT :
NSA will give100% job placement assistance to all
successful candidates. Some of the Industries are listed below.
Oil
Refineries,
Port
trust,
Airport,
Chemical Industries,
Insurance,
Construction and
service industries are main job providers.
Airport,
Chemical Industries,
Insurance,
Construction and
service industries are main job providers.
Students passed out from this institute can find job
opportunities as Safety Supervisor, Safety Inspector, Safety Officer,
Safety Manager, Fireman and Fire Officer.
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+91 7667442300
Ph: 26242038 ,26242318
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